TL;DR: Ireland has permanently closed its last coal power plant, Moneypoint, becoming the 15th coal-free country in Europe. This step reflects a commitment to renewable energy, although challenges remain as the country plans new gas plants. The closure of Moneypoint symbolizes the shift towards renewable sources and poses questions about the future of energy policies globally.
The Situation
In June 2025, Ireland achieved a significant milestone in its environmental policy by permanently closing its last coal power plant, Moneypoint, a 915 MW facility located in County Clare. This decisive action:
- Positions Ireland as the 15th country in Europe to abandon coal.
- Signals a broader commitment to reducing fossil fuel dependency.
The closure of Moneypoint is emblematic of a transformative shift in energy consumption practices across the continent, with a growing emphasis on renewable sources such as wind and solar power. Currently, wind energy accounts for approximately 37% of Ireland’s electricity generation, while solar energy, though still in its nascent stages, is breaking records monthly, offering a glimpse into its potential future contribution (Olexandr et al., 2022).
The implications of Ireland’s coal phase-out resonate far beyond its borders. Globally, this milestone reflects a collective acknowledgment of the urgent need to combat climate change, a narrative increasingly central to political discourse (Neuhoff et al., 2006). As nations grapple with the existential threat posed by climate fluctuations, Ireland’s commitment serves as a model that other countries, particularly those with heavy reliance on fossil fuels, may feel compelled to emulate.
However, despite this seemingly positive step, Ireland’s energy strategy is not without flaws. The country still plans for the construction of new gas plants, which complicates its narrative of environmental stewardship and suggests that the transition away from fossil fuels is far from complete. With natural gas continuing to play a critical role in electricity and transportation, it is essential to acknowledge the inherent risks associated with this dependency (Hwang et al., 2017).
This situation reveals a dichotomy: the closure of Moneypoint is celebrated as environmental progress, yet the continued investment in natural gas acts as a reminder that substantive change requires more than symbolic gestures. As Ireland navigates its energy transition, it must explore a comprehensive exit strategy from fossil fuels to genuinely align its policies with its climate goals. This case study of Ireland is particularly relevant for countries across the Global South, including many Muslim-majority nations, where energy and environmental policies are influenced by external pressures and imperialist agendas (Darwish et al., 2018).
What if Other Countries Follow Ireland’s Lead?
If other nations, particularly those in Europe and beyond, adopt Ireland’s decision to close coal plants as a blueprint, the implications could be transformative:
- Catalyze a global shift towards renewable energy.
- Yield significant improvements in air quality and a marked reduction in greenhouse gas emissions (Balyk et al., 2022).
- Generate public health benefits for communities suffering from pollution-related ailments.
Moreover, if the trend of abandoning coal accelerates, it could provoke a stronger regional commitment to renewable energy investments. Countries facing energy insecurities would be compelled to adapt their infrastructures to embrace alternative sources, potentially increasing federal funding for research and development in renewable technologies (Nordström et al., 2023). Yet, it is crucial to consider the economic disparities that exist between nations. Wealthier countries might lead the charge, while developing nations could struggle to finance this transition, perpetuating existing power imbalances (Kime et al., 2023).
In this scenario, a unified front against coal could also challenge the fossil fuel industry, prompting major corporations to pivot towards green technologies. The geopolitical landscape could shift as energy-exporting nations find their market positions threatened, creating opportunities for new alliances based on shared environmental goals. However, the rapid abandonment of fossil fuels must not overlook social implications, such as job losses in traditional energy sectors. Comprehensive planning is essential to ensure equitable transitions that support affected workers and regions.
What if Ireland’s New Gas Plants Become Economically Unviable?
Should Ireland’s plans for new gas plants falter due to economic pressures or shifts in public sentiment, it would expose a critical weakness in their energy strategy:
- Reliance on natural gas may emerge as an outdated model.
- A significant decline in gas prices or unforeseen market disruptions could jeopardize the financial viability of these new plants.
Such a scenario would compel the government to reevaluate its energy policies dramatically. If natural gas were deemed economically unfeasible, Ireland could find itself with excess capacity on its grid, leading to a surge in renewable energy initiatives. This could accelerate the development of wind and solar projects, fostering innovation and investment in energy storage solutions (Maniatis et al., 2021).
However, this situation would not come without challenges. The pushback from the fossil fuel industry could be significant, as stakeholders seek to protect their investments and influence policy. Additionally, the public’s growing call for accountability regarding climate commitments could place further pressure on the Irish government. If Ireland moves away from gas, it would set a powerful precedent for other nations grappling with similar dilemmas, reinforcing the notion that sustainable energy futures are not only desirable but attainable (Dwyer et al., 1987).
What if Global Climate Policies Shift?
The possibility of global climate policies undergoing a transformative shift presents another critical ‘what if’ scenario. If international coalitions, such as the European Union, were to impose stricter regulations on fossil fuels, the ripple effects could be profound:
- Countries heavily dependent on coal and oil could face significant economic challenges.
- Widespread unrest and calls for systemic change could arise (Amoah Nyasapoh et al., 2025).
Such a shift could also catalyze greater international cooperation in renewable energy technologies. As nations align their policies with climate goals, investment in green technologies could surge, potentially opening new economic opportunities for countries in the Global South, including several Muslim-majority nations poised to benefit from renewable energy partnerships (Motlagh et al., 2020).
However, the risks associated with a rapid policy shift are substantial. Nations that fail to adapt could find themselves economically disadvantaged, exacerbating inequalities. Backlash from fossil fuel industries may lead to political instability, and populist movements could exploit these tensions. The focus must remain on inclusive policy frameworks that recognize the diverse economic realities faced by different countries. Effective climate change mitigation demands not only joint commitments but also equitable resource distribution, technology sharing, and financial support for vulnerable nations (Riahi et al., 2016).
Strategic Maneuvers for Equitable Energy Transition
In light of these scenarios, it is essential for all stakeholders—governments, corporations, and civil society—to adopt strategic maneuvers that ensure a just and equitable energy transition.
For Ireland, an immediate focus should be on developing a comprehensive strategy that addresses the growing reliance on natural gas. Policymakers must prioritize investments in renewable energy sources capable of sustainably replacing fossil fuels, such as offshore wind and solar. Implementing incentives for energy efficiency and conservation programs will further demonstrate a serious commitment to reducing overall energy consumption, thereby effectively lowering the nation’s carbon footprint (Leroutier, 2021).
In addition to infrastructure investment, Ireland should engage in transparent dialogues with communities affected by the coal closure and the emergence of gas plants. Ensuring that workers in fossil fuel sectors receive retraining opportunities and alternative employment pathways is crucial for a just transition. Local community involvement in energy planning will foster support for renewable projects, ensuring that these changes reflect the needs and aspirations of the populace.
On a European level, collaboration among nations is necessary. This could involve sharing best practices, technical knowledge, and financial resources. By collectively investing in energy infrastructure, countries can bolster resilience against fluctuations in the energy market while transitioning toward greener alternatives. Coal-dependent countries might benefit from cooperative research initiatives or funding mechanisms aimed at transitioning to renewables (Fuhr, 2021).
For fossil fuel corporations, adapting to changing market dynamics will be crucial. Many companies are already pivoting towards renewable energy investments; however, a more robust and expedited commitment to sustainability is essential. Embracing corporate social responsibility that prioritizes environmental stewardship will enhance brand reputation and shareholder value. Transparency in emissions reporting, sustainable practices, and community engagement will be vital for maintaining investor confidence and public trust (Cooper & Lovins, 2005).
Lastly, civil society must play a crucial role in demanding accountability from both governments and corporations. Grassroots movements advocating for climate justice can highlight the inequities ingrained within the transition, pushing for more equitable solutions that prioritize marginalized communities. Engaging in dialogues with policymakers and forming coalitions that amplify underrepresented voices will ensure a more inclusive approach to energy transition discussions (Štreimikienė, 2022).
Collectively, these strategic maneuvers can reshape not only Ireland’s energy landscape but also contribute to a broader global paradigm shift toward sustainable practices, challenging imperialist narratives that prioritize profit over people and over the planet. It is essential to view the evolving climate crisis through the lens of social and economic justice, recognizing that true progress must benefit all—especially those most vulnerable—rather than a privileged few.
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